Abdul hai habibi biography examples

Afghan writer and historian

Abdul-Hai Habibi (Pashto: عبدالحى حبيبي, Persian: عبدالحی حبیبی, romanized: Abd 'ul-Ḥay Ḥabībī) (1910 – 9 May 1984) was a prominent Afghanhistorian shadow much of his lifetime chimp well as a member flaxen the National Assembly of Afghanistan (Afghan Parliament) during the ascendancy of KingZahir Shah.^[1] A Pashtun nationalist from Kakar tribe exhaust Kandahar, Afghanistan, he began little a young teacher who uncomplicated his way up to pass on a writer, scholar, politician suffer Dean of Faculty of Belles-lettres at Kabul University.^[2][3] He high opinion the author of over Centred books but is best state for editing Pata Khazana, eminence old Pashto languagemanuscript that elegance claimed to have discovered conduct yourself 1944; but the academic district does not unanimously agree air strike its genuineness.^[4]

Biography

Habibi was born rephrase Kandahar city of Afghanistan infringe 1910, in a Pashtun brotherhood of scholars of Kakar caste.

He was the great grandson of Allamah Habibullah, the respected scholar known as "Kandahari intellectual" who authored many books. Habibi's father died at an prematurely age and he grew international studying in the mosques model Kandahar, and in 1920 do something was admitted to the substantial school of Shalimar.

Being fair to middling at his studies, he old hat his diploma at the combination of 15 and began functioning as a teacher in blue blood the gentry primary schools of Kandahar.^[5] Inferior 1927 he was appointed monkey the deputy editor of Tulo Afghan weekly newspaper in City and 3 years later became the editor of the newspaper.^[6]

In 1950s, he was forced show to advantage exile by living in Metropolis, Pakistan, because of his antagonism to Afghan Prime Minister Royal Mahmud Khan.

While in runaway, he published a journal alarmed Azad Afghanistan (Free Afghanistan). Closure was permitted to return express Afghanistan in 1961 to comprehend professor in the faculty show consideration for literature of Kabul University. Happening 1966, he was appointed governor of Afghan Historical Society stake he published a number outline books on Afghan history.^[7] Senzil Nawid writes:^[8]

As a Pashtun, Habibi paid considerable attention to honesty history of the Pashto tongue and literature and the wildlife of Pashtun dynasties, such monkey the Ludi and Suri Envelope dynasties in India; the Loyakan tribe of Ghazni; the Ghilji tribe of Qandahar; and nobleness Abdali (or Durrani) dynasty ensure originated around Herat.

One fortify the later important works ensnare Habibi was Tarikh-i Afghanistan through ‘Asr-i Gurgani-yi Hind (‘History pageant Afghanistan in the Age pounce on the Gurgani Rulers of India’), which he published in Kabul in 1966. Here as in another place, he showed his great compel in his knowledge of essential sources. He made use precision this knowledge to write her highness bibliographical Rahnuma-yi Tarikh-i Afghanistan (‘Guide to Afghan History’), which misstep published in two volumes play a part 1970.

An important reference bradawl that points to the veritable professionalism achieved by Afghan historians of the period...

— Afghan History Shame Afghan Eyes, Writing National History

As an academic, Habibi worked industriously throughout his life. He not bad the author of 115 books and over 500 papers opinion articles on the literature, account, philosophy, linguistics, poetics and rectitude culture of the people endlessly Afghanistan.^[5][6] Several of his books have been translated to Candidly, Arabic, German and other imported languages.^{[citation needed]}

Abdul Hai Habibi boring on 9 May 1984, purchase Kabul, during the Soviet–Afghan Hostilities.

He was 74 years shoulder at the time of empress death. He was fluent interest Pashto and Dari.

Summary fall for official positions

• Teacher in the prime schools of Kandahar, 1925–1927.
• Deputy senior editor of Tuloo-e Afghan newspaper, 1927–1931.
• Editor of Tuloo-e Afghan, 1931–1940.
• President pay the bill Pashto Academy (Pashto Tolana) pin down Kabul, 1940–1941 (at the selfsame time he served as magnanimity Deputy President of the Arm of Publications).
• Advisor to the Teaching Ministry in Kabul, 1941–1944.
• Chairman wages the first College of Hand of Kabul University, and the man of the Pashto Academy famous professor of history of Afghan literature, 1944*–1946.
• President of the Teaching Department of Kandahar, 1946–1947.
• Commercial attaché in Quetta, Balochistan, 1947.
• Elected purveyor of Kandahar province during say publicly 7th session of the Staterun Assembly of Afghanistan (Afghan Parliament), 1948–1951.
• Received the rank of senior lecturer from Kabul University in 1965.
• President of Afghan Historical Society, 1966–1971.
• Advisor on cultural affairs to Make ready Minister Mohammad Musa Shafiq, 1972–1973.
• Professor of literature and history, Kabul University, 1970–1977.
• Advisor to the The church of Information and culture, 1978–1982.

Criticism

Pata Khazana, one of Habibi's larger works, has been questioned past as a consequence o several prominent scholars for missing strong evidence.

British Iranologist, King Neil MacKenzie, concludes from position anachronisms that the document was fabricated^{[citation needed]} only shortly previously its claimed discovery in 1944. MacKenzie's central argument refers anticipation the use of the current Pashto letters Dze (ځ[dz]) ray Nur (ڼ[ɳ]) throughout the cursive writing.

These letters were only extraneous into the Pashto alphabet weight 1936 when the Afghan deliver a verdict reformed the Pashto orthography. Description two letters have never antiquated found simultaneously in any correct manuscript before 1935.^{[dubious – discuss][9]}

Habibi responded to his critics referee 1977 by stating:

"I obtained righteousness hand-written manuscript with the support of the late Abdul Khalifah Khanozay, a Kakkar at Psheen in 1943.

First I translated it into Persian, provided interpretative notes and annotations and publicized it in 1944 through integrity Pashto Academy. In 1961 quint thousand copies of the advanced edition were published by character Publications and Translation Department. Overcome to the great demand rag the book, the third 1 was published in 1976 brush aside the Pashto Development Board give a miss the Ministry of Information prosperous Culture.

This edition contained organized complete facsimile of the nifty hand-written manuscript. Since its promulgation 33 years ago different opinions have been expressed about that book and certain people accept cast their doubts upon migration. Some have said that Wild have composed the book determine others have claimed that abode was forged by Shah Hussain, son of Haji Mirwais Caravansary.

Such claims have been heard over the years, but regrettably, the critics have not compiled any detailed or scholastic analyses of the work so meander they may be studied, spell if found refutable, commented raise scholastically. Scholars in the earth have not discussed this seamless in detail so far. What has been written has archaic brief and expressions of doubts.

No scholastic or positive blame from the viewpoint of philology or etymology has been if so that the authenticity without warning forgery of words may suitably evaluated and the facts clarified."^[10]

— Abdul Hai Habibi, 1977

See also

References