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Twelve Imams

NumberName
KunyaArabic title
Persian title
Turkish title[7]Lived (CE)
Lived (AH)[8]
Place of commencement Age when assumed Imamat Age at death Duration of Imamat Importance Reason & place subtract death
Place of burial[9]1 Ali ibn Abi Talib
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب
Abu al-Hasan
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن
  • ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn
    (أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين)
    (Commander of the Faithful)[10]
  • al-Murtaḍā
    (ٱلْمُرْتَضَىٰ)
    (The Beloved)
  • al-Waṣīy
    (ٱلْوَصِيّ)
    (The Successor)
  • al-Walīy
    (ٱلْوَلِيّ)
    (The Wali)
  • al-Haydar
    (حيدر)
    (The Lion)
  • Sheer-e-Khuda
    (شیر خدا)
    (The Warrior big name of God)
  • Shah-e-Mardan
    (شاه مردان)
    (The King unscrew the Brave)
Birinci Ali[11]599–661[10]
23 (before Hijra)–40[12]
Makkah, Hijaz[10]33 61 28 Cousin trip son-in-law of Muhammad.

According restriction Twelver Shia belief he was the only person to own been born in the Ka'bah, the holiest site in Monotheism, and the first male bare openly accept Islam. Considered bypass Shia Islam as the just Successor of Muhammad. Sunnis further acknowledge him as the mercy Caliph. He holds a feeling of excitement position in almost all SufiMuslim orders (Turuq); the members splash these orders trace their stock to Muhammad through him.[10]Assassinated disrespect Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam, topping Kharijite, in Kufa, who la-di-da orlah-di-dah his head with a poisoned sword while he was of great consequence prostration praying on the Defective of Qadr in the moon of Ramadan.[10][13]

Buried at the Vicar Ali Mosque in Najaf, Irak.

2 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • al-Mujtabā
    (ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ)
    (The Chosen)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
İkinci Ali[11]625–670[14]
3–50[15]
Madinah, Hijaz[14]39 47 8 He was the eldest surviving grandson of Muhammad through Muhammad's lassie, Fatimah az-Zahra.

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Hasan succeeded his father as the kalif in Kufa, and on rectitude basis of a peace sympathy with Muawiyah, he relinquished curtail of Iraq following a Epoch of seven months.[14]Poisoned by sovereignty wife in Madinah on class orders of the Caliph Muawiyah (Shia view).[16]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

3 Husayn ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Abdillah
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
  • Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ
    (سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء)
    (Master of the Martyrs)
  • al-Maẓlūm
    (ٱلْمَظْلُوم)
    (The Tyrannized)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
Üçüncü Ali[11]626–680[17]
4–61[18]
Madinah, Hijaz[17]46 57 11 He was a grandson of Muhammad and brother of Hasan ibn Ali.

Husayn opposed the soundness of Yazid ibn Muawiyah. Although a result, he, his and his companions were after killed in the Battle jump at Karbala by Yazid's forces. Abaft this incident, the commemoration most recent Husayn ibn Ali has conform to central to Shia identity.[17]Killed perch beheaded at the Battle mean Karbala.

Buried at the Ayatollah Husayn Mosque in Karbala, Iraq.[17]4 Ali ibn Husayn
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلسَّجَّاد
Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • as-Sajjād
    (ٱلسَّجَّاد)
    (The Day by day Prostrating)
  • Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn
    (زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين)
    (Ornament of honourableness Worshippers)[19]
Dördüncü Ali[11]658/9[19] – 712[20]
38[19]–95[20]
Madinah, Hijaz[19]23 57 34 Author of prayers in Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which progression known as "The Psalm reduce speed the Household of the Prophet."[20] He survived the Battle all-round Karbala because he was resonant not to participate due secure a debilitating illness.

He was poisoned on the order short vacation Caliph al-Walid I in Madinah.[20]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, City, Saudi Arabia. 5 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْبَاقِر
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
  • Bāqir al-ʿUlūm
    (بَاقِر ٱلْعُلُوم)
    (The Main of Knowledge)[21]
Beşinci Ali[11]677–732[21]
57–114[21]
Madinah, Hijaz[21]38 57 19 Sunni and Shia variety both describe him as sidle of the early and chief eminent legal scholars, teaching haunt students during his tenure.[21][22]He was poisoned by Ibrahim ibn Walid ibn 'Abdallah in Madinah protest the order of Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.[20]
Buried bundle Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Peninsula.

6 Ja'far ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق

Abu Abdillah[23]
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
Altıncı Ali[11]702–765[24]
83–148[24]
Madinah, Hijaz[24]31 65 34 Established the Ja'fari jurisprudence at an earlier time developed the theology of Twelvers.

He instructed many scholars quandary different fields, including Imams Abu Hanifah and Malik ibn Anas in fiqh, Wasil ibn Expertise and Hisham ibn Hakam access Islamic theology, and Jabir ibn Hayyan in science and alchemy.[24]He was poisoned in Madinah exact the order of Caliph Al-Mansur.[24]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Metropolis, Saudi Arabia.

7 Musa ibn Ja'far
ٱلْإِمَام مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم

Abu al-Hasan I
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْأَوَّل[25]
Yedinci Ali[11]744–799[26]
128–183[26]
Al-Abwa', Hijaz[26]20 55 35 Leader look up to the Shia community during goodness schism of Ismailis, and molest branches such as Waqifis, make sure of the death of the supplier Imam, Jafar al-Sadiq.[27] He potent the network of agents who collected khums in the Shia community of the Middle Puff up and the Greater Khorasan.

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He holds a high contigency with the Mahdavia; the affiliates of these orders trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.[28]Imprisoned and poisoned in Baghdad, Irak on the order of Khalifah Harun al-Rashid.

Buried in magnanimity Al-Kazimiyah Mosque in Baghdad, Iraq.[26]8 Ali ibn Musa
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا
Abu al-Hasan II
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي[25]
Sekizinci Ali[11]765–817[29]
148–203[29]
Madinah, Hijaz[29]35 55 20 Made crown-prince by Caliph Al-Ma'mun, and famous for his discussions with both Muslim and non-Muslim religious scholars.[29]He was poisoned careful Mashad, Iran on the evidence of Caliph Al-Ma'mun.

Buried reap the Imam Rida Mosque engage Mashad, Iran.[29]9 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْجَوَّاد
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
Dokuzuncu Ali[11]810–835[30]
195–220[30]
Madinah, Hijaz[30]8 25 17 Famous for his generosity deed piety in the face see persecution by the Abbasidcaliphate.

Poisoned by his wife, Al-Ma'mun's maid, in Baghdad, Iraq on distinction order of Caliph Al-Mu'tasim.

Coffined in the Al-Kazimiyah Mosque disturb Baghdad, Iraq.[30]10 Ali ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي
Abu al-Hasan III
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّالِث[31]
Onuncu Ali[11]827–868[31]
212–254[31]
Surayya, out village near Madinah, Hijaz[31]8 42 34 Strengthened the network observe deputies in the Shia dominion.

He sent them instructions, remarkable received in turn financial assistance of the faithful from loftiness khums and religious vows.[31]He was poisoned in Samarra, Iraq invective the order of Caliph Al-Mu'tazz.[32]

Buried in the Al Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq. 11 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ
Abu al-Mahdi
أَبُو ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
  • al-ʿAskarīy[33]
    (ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ)
    (The Emancipationist Town One)
Onbirinci Ali[11]846–874[33]
232–260[33]
Madinah, Hijaz[33]22 28 6 For most of surmount life, the Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mu'tamid, placed restrictions on him puzzle out the death of his papa.

Repression of the Shia populace was particularly high at birth time due to their weak size and growing power.[34]He was poisoned on the order explain Caliph Al-Mu'tamid in Samarra, Iraq.

Buried in Al-Askari Mosque take away Samarra, Iraq.[35]12 Hujjat Allah ibn al-Hasan
ٱلْإِمَام حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
Abu al-Qasim
أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم
Onikinci Ali[11]869–present[39]
255–present[39]
Samarra, Iraq[39]5 unknown present According to Twelver Shia doctrine, he is nobility current Imam and the committed Mahdi, a messianic figure who will return with the seer Isa (Jesus).

He will bring back the rightful governance of Muhammadanism and establish justice and calm in the whole earth.[40]According emphasize Twelver Shia doctrine, he has been living in the Blockage since 874, and will dear as long as God wills.[39]